How calculations are made

Transparent formulas, inputs and limitations.

Every calculator begins with a defined set of inputs, a documented mathematical model and an explicit assumption about timing. Results are estimates, not promises.

Last updated 21 August 2026

01

Calculation approach

Investment tools apply the compounding interval described on the page. Loan tools use amortisation mathematics for equal instalments unless a different repayment pattern is stated. Inflation tools compound the selected annual rate over the chosen period.

Currency results are calculated at full precision and rounded only for display. Large values may be presented in lakhs or crores for readability. Changing an input recalculates the result in the browser.

  • Inputs remain editable so users can test more than one scenario.
  • Assumptions are displayed beside each result rather than buried in a separate document.
  • Scheme-specific limits and rates include a source and review date when they are used as defaults.
02

Review and correction process

A calculator is checked against independent examples and edge cases such as zero rates, short periods and maximum inputs. Pages using regulatory or scheme data are reviewed when a relevant official update is identified.

A reviewed date means the formula, visible assumptions and cited inputs were checked on that date. It does not mean a regulator or financial institution endorsed the calculator.

03

Important limitations

Real products can include fees, taxes, changing interest rates, missed contributions, market volatility, eligibility rules and cash-flow timing that a simplified model does not capture. A constant expected return is a scenario assumption—not a forecast.

Before acting on a result, confirm current product terms with the provider and seek appropriately qualified advice when the consequences are material.

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